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Japanese Garden Design - Dry Water
Dry water is quite common in Japanese gardens, and it may be very eye catching too. Wait a minute, I can hear you questioning the time period 'dry water'- it's a contradiction in phrases isn't it? Well, YES and NO! And it's the NO part I am going to concentrate on in this small article. But let me make clear the rules of water sources and options in these specific types of gardens.
Water sources in these types of gardens should appear as natural as possible and blend in with the surroundings. Fountains do not exists in Japanese gardens, waterfalls sure, but fountains no. They are man made and not 'natural' in appearance. Do not get me improper I'm not 'fountainist' it's just with Japanese gardens there are particular rules that must be observed. If you happen to really wished a fountain in a Japanese backyard, it's not a heinous crime but your backyard wouldn't be wholly genuine!
Streams- practically always man-made are a big part of Japanese gardening, they typically are built with curves giving them a more natural appearance. The positioning of lanterns is more usually than not by streams or ponds within a garden. This represents the feminine and the male parts of 'water' and 'fire'.
This idea is known in Japanese tradition as YIN and YANG. Any stream in a Japanese backyard will have deliberate imperfections designed into it, in order to offer the 'water' a 'natural' look and an natural feel. The shapes of ponds must additionally look natural for this reason as well.
Water isn't positioned in the centre of the garden- particularly ponds. these will typically have larger stones within them to simulate islands. Generally it is widespread for them to have a smallish waterfall. Using stones is always very structural and symmetrical. This also applies to the all forms of oriental gardens.
OK, that is the wet stuff out of the way. Let's move onto the concept and usage of 'Dry Water' in Zen gardens. In Zen gardens it is pretty straight forward- sand is used to duplicate water and this makes smaller panorama reproductions far easier. A Zen backyard will more often than not show a miniature landscape with mounds for mountains and sand to depict water. The sand is raked to offer it's 'watery' appearance and will be raked in different types over and over again.
In Japanese gardens 'Dry water' is featured more usually than not in 'Karesansui' gardens. It's some of the in style types you may visit or try and design and build and in the English language it means 'Dry mountain stream'. These types of Japanese gardens are know merely as 'Dry' gardens and are heavily influenced by Zen Buddhism. They're peaceable, easy and waterless- rocks are used to symbolise land lots and the 'Dry water' -or- SAND/GRAVEL is raked to make it look like the ocean or a big body of water. Brilliantly clever and with which means too.
Many hundreds of years ago this type of backyard was built by 'Senzui Kawarami' in a easy English translation this means 'Mountain, Stream and Riverbed people'. They were master craftsmen by trade and vocation and specialised in building these gorgeous Zen influenced gardens. It's generally accepted by Scholars that these types of gardens design originated in China as does a good deal of Japanese garden history and influences. However that's one other story...
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