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What is biogas?
Biogas is a renewable fuel produced by the breakdown of organic matter corresponding to meals scraps and animal waste. It may be utilized in quite a lot of ways together with as vehicle fuel and for heating and electricity generation. Read on to learn more.
What is biogas? How is biogas produced?
Biogas is an environmentally-pleasant, renewable energy source.
It’s produced when natural matter, corresponding to meals or animal waste, is broken down by microorganisms in the absence of oxygen, in a process called anaerobic digestion. For this to take place, the waste materials must be enclosed in an setting the place there is no such thing as a oxygen.
It could happen naturally or as part of an industrial process to deliberately create biogas as a fuel.
What sort of waste can be used to produce biogas?
A wide variety of waste materials breaks down into biogas, including animal manure, municipal garbage/ waste, plant materials, meals waste or sewage.
Which gases does biogas contain?
Biogas consists mainly of methane and carbon dioxide. It could actually also embody small quantities of hydrogen sulphide, siloxanes and some moisture. The relative quantities of these fluctuate depending on the type of waste involved in the production of the resulting biogas.
What can biogas be used for?
To fuel vehicles – if biogas is compressed it can be used as a vehicle fuel.
As a replacement for natural gas – if biogas is cleaned up and upgraded to natural gas standards, it’s then known as biomethane and can be used in the same way to methane; this can embrace for cooking and heating.
Biogas: 6 fascinating details
1. Biogas is a gas of many names
Biogas is most commonly also known as biomethane. It’s also generally called marsh gas, sewer gas, compost gas and swamp gas in the US.
Biogas is a naturally occurring and renewable supply of energy, ensuing from the breakdown of organic matter. Biogas is to not be confused with ‘natural’ gas, which is a non-renewable source of power.
2. Biogas and biomass: similarities and variations
Biomass and biogas are both biofuels; they can be burnt to produce energy. But biomass is the solid, natural material. Biomass has been used as an energy supply since humans first discovered fire and burnt wood, plants and animal dung to create energy.
Today, many power stations run by burning a biomass of compressed wood pellets – a by-product of timber and furniture-making. By replacing fossil-fuel coal, biomass enables renewable electricity to be produced.
3. Biogas shouldn't be a new discovery
The anaerobic process of decomposition (or fermentation) of organic matter has been occurring in nature for millions of years, even before fossil fuels, and continues to occur throughout us within the natural world. Right this moment’s industrial conversion of organic waste into energy in biogas plants is simply fast-forwarding nature’s ability to recycle its helpful resources.
The first human use of biogas is assumed so far back to three,000BC in the Middle East, when the Assyrians used biogas to heat their baths.
A 17th century chemist, Jan Baptist van Helmont, discovered that flammable gases might come from decaying organic matter. Van Helmont can be accountable for bringing the word ‘gas’, from the Greek word chaos, into the science vocabulary.
The first massive anaerobic digestion plant dates back to 1859 in a leper colony in Bombay.
An creative Victorian engineer, John Webb from Birmingham, created the Sewage Lamp, which converted sewage into biogas to light avenue lamps. The only remaining Webb Sewer Lamp in London is now just off The Strand in Carting Lane – or as some wags would have it, Farting Lane.
Anaerobic digestion was used as a means to treat municipal wastewater, before chemical treatments. Within the growing world the anaerobic process is still recognised as a cheap, natural alternative to chemical substances and the reduction of dysentery bacteria.
And let’s not forget that in Mad Max Past Thunderdome the publish-apocalyptic settlement Bartertown, run by Tina Turner’s terrifying Aunty Entity, is powered by a pig-farm biogas system with biogas used to power the desert-chasing vehicles.
4. Immediately China leads the world in the usage of biogas
China has the largest number of biogas plants, with an estimated 50 million households using biogas. These are mostly in rural areas and small-scale residence and village plants.
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